What is a "base fee"?

Edited

A base fee is a flat rate charge applied by most utilities.

These base fee is charged to cover the cost of providing access to the utility, even if no service is used. This fee helps support the infrastructure, system maintenance, and other utility services not directly related to the volume used. 

💡 Note: Base fees are billed regardless of the amount of actual usage.  For instance, even if you are not home, the utility company still charges the same Base Fee just to be connected.